Step into
my high school English classroom for a moment. Perhaps this will bring the
sweet nostalgia--or, more probably, the unpalatable sour--of your own high
school English class experience. According to my curriculum, the pedagogical task
at hand is to read and teach William Cullen Bryant’s early nineteenth-century
romantic poem Thanatopsis--or,
translated from the Greek, A View of
Death. Here’s the start:
TO
HIM who in the love of Nature
holds
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Communion
with her visible forms, she speaks
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A
various language; for his gayer hours
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She
has a voice of gladness, and a smile
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And
eloquence of beauty, and she glides
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Into
his darker musings, with a mild
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And
healing sympathy, that steals away
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Their
sharpness, ere he is aware.
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Take the
text of that poem and read it to a typical crowd of 16- and 17-year olds, and I
think you’ll get a very limited response. It is a text that I would never
assign as homework--at least for a regular class--because most will not
continue reading after a few lines, some will Spark Note it, but most will
completely ignore it because of its relative irrelevance to their daily ebb and
flow. It’s a typical response to early-American romantic poetry. Standard didactic
methodology would be to assign it, do the questions at the end of the text,
perhaps lecture to students about something bewilderingly significant only to
the echelon of English-teacher types (and maybe a few of their brown-nosing
students) then move on to the next literary excursion.
Whoever wrote
my classroom text, dubiously entitled Adventures
in American Literature, suggests that my students embark on their
“adventurous” consideration of this poem by--and I quote --“Find[ing] three
lines of Thanatopsis in which there
is a variation of the basic rhythm, and point out the variation. Is it
dependent upon stress or caesura?”
What do you
think? What do you think your average sixteen-year old will do with that
question? Adventures in American
Literature: Doesn’t that sound like a good time? I don’t know if the text
writer who the publishers, Harcourt, Brace, and Jovanovich found to write their
textbook has ever spent any time at the short end of twenty-glazed-look
classroom experience, but all I think of when I see that content question
juxtaposed to the textbook title is the word misnomer. I think my students would have my back on this one.
There’s nothing Adventurous about
poetic meter in Thanatopsis.
You see, most
things in education are about the how or
what rather than the why, which is why I think there is such
a turn-off to what I would call “regular English instruction.” It’s about the
right answer on the blank rather than Why
is this a significant question to ask? It comes from the mentality that curriculum content is the answer to the human experience. It’s all about the information
rather than the mostly-messy journey through life. That’s why I think that as a
teacher, I am called to pursue some “irregular English instruction.” So, after wandering
through a nearby graveyard for a half-hour with my students, allowing them to ruminate
about their own inevitable mortalities and another fifteen-minute walk amid a
streamed woods, my students are much more introspective regarding what it is
that nature might have to say about death and dying, and how life might be
lived differently because of that revelation. Maybe they’re a couple steps
closer about why a careful writer might put some reflective pause in his poem--why
such pause might be “… dependent upon stress
or caesura.” Otherwise, the words of
William Cullen Bryant are dead on the page. The teacher is the one responsible
to breathing a little life into them. I’m the one who “gets it,” the literary
representative, if you will, of any truthful power that might be in those words
penned over two hundred years ago.
I happen to
be involved with a group of guys who cut and split cordwood to give it away to
local, low-income families. Once, one of my wood-ministry partners introduced
me to a couple of hardened loggers who had agreed to help us out with a day’s work
in the woods. Before the cacophony of chainsaws, wood splitters and other
he-man apparatuses could really get going, one of the woodsmen casually encountered, “So, what do you do, Tom?”
“Uh, well
I’m a high school English teacher.” There was a palpable pause, as if we both
smelled the passed gas, but neither would admit to it.
More awkward
silence.
“Well, I
gotta check the third chain tooth on my Husqvarna before we get going--it’s
been given some problems. Good to meet you, Tom.” He made a bee-line toward his
truck, relieved that he just missed a conversation about the difference between
poetic stress and poetic caesura.
Such a
reaction is because of what the general populace thinks that we as “language
arts” folks are all about. And, of course, such impressions are mostly wrong. I
don’t know about you, but you can count me out. I’ll take a day killing trees in
the woods, over poetic meter any day of my life.
I get the
same feeling when I meet anyone who finds out that I am “religious,” a
Christian, and that I pursue a relationship with God. Frankly, those who have
come to know me as a prankster, a philosopher, a redneck--almost anywhere
outside the walls of First Baptist Church of New London, New Hampshire--they are
surprised to find that I teach an adult Sunday school class. It doesn’t fit in
their mindset that someone who is into “church and all that stuff” actually has
a mind who asks more questions than there are answers, who lives in a way that
they might say is dangerous and spirited. It’s similar to finding an English
teacher who relishes working the smart end of a manual maul the woods, fighting
his way through some stubborn yellow birch.
Just like
these woodlot warriors expected my conversation to never get beyond poetic
caesura, and probably imagined my pickup cab to be filled with volumes of
Shakespearean sonnets, most folks can’t imagine anything relevant about God
beyond a robed minister and a row of pews at a wedding or funeral in a steepled
building. I think it’s because a lot of our past religious doggedness has
become religious dogma. That, and because the text we feed from is as dead as a
Dickens doornail. The corpus has become a corpse.
It’s five
in the morning where I am right now, and I have just plowed through a chapter
of Isaiah (about how Sargon, King of Assyria, sent a supreme commander to
Ashdod) a chapter of Zechariah (how a cry will go up from the Fish Gate and a
wailing from the New Quarter regarding the upcoming plunder of Jerusalem), and a chapter of
Timothy (covering church regulations regarding the financial keep of widowed
congregants). I use the word plowed
in the same way that I sense many of the juniors put their heads to task as
they face the prospect of poetic caesura. Just like in my English text, our
treatment of the Word has become all methodology rather than application; it’s
all about the how or what rather than the why, which is why I think there is such
an equal turn-off to what I would call “regular biblical instruction.” It comes
from the same type of mentality that strict curriculum
content is the answer to the human
experience. Have problems with life? Well, a little Bible reading is what
you need. Here’s a Gideon’s and call me in the morning.
Similar to
my role as an English teacher bringing life to early American romantics to
today’s skeptical teen, I too am a minister of the Living Word, to mediate the
divinely abstract into the mundanely practical. I think that my role as a
teacher in the classroom really isn’t manifest until I breathe some oxygen into
Bryant’s words--ironically in a nearby graveyard--by my own living and personal
application. Well, I guess that I’m ready to say that the same is true of my
role as a priest, handling the Word of God. Somehow it is connected to the
mystical relationship--a cooperative relationship. God needs me--or maybe He needs
The-Spirit-Who-Lives-In-Me--to bring life to the words that He has spoken, but which
lie dormant on the page. Maybe that’s a better image--not dead words, but much
more like an Ezekielian valley of dry bones. The words that God spoke into
being are only made alive when they are borne and born by me, birthed into
air-giving life.
There’s probably
a paragraph or two of thoughts about that idea that may belong in another essay
on spiritual sexuality or something. Maybe that’s why I’m the Bride of Christ,
because--still rich in the marriage metaphor--I am the bearer of life that is
resident in me if I ever manage an intimate encounter with my God rather than a
lot of religious foreplay.
More
importantly, I claim to be a son of the Most High. I wonder what I have to say
about being around Him that has any bit of life to it. Thou shalt or shalt not?
And what does that mean, anyway? “Living Word?” When someone cracks a bible and
begins to read out of it, tripping over Semitic names and places, I tend to
become skeptical--kinda like my students when I ask them to turn to a page in
an Adventures in American Literature textbook.
Unless I have anything to say or show by my twenty-first century living, well, maybe the textual words
should stay where they are: dormant in a book. That way at least I’m not
messing around with stuff that I really don’t understand. Unless I have
something about God’s Word that I have borne and bred, maybe I shouldn’t say
anything at all. That’s how religious elitists can begin emphasizing what
should not be emphasized, thereby skewing the purpose of the words in the first
place. I imagine that Bryant was more interested in relationship between the life
before him relative to his inevitable death rather than whether his audience
recognized his poetic stress or caesura. My classroom Adventures text has become the religious
dogma of my work day--something some lifeless editors had to dream up because
they themselves have never wandered from their celotex office cubicles to
wonder about Life’s Big Questions in a wooded glade.
So, let me
say this in more simple terms: There is nothing living about God’s Holy Word until I, myself, begin to interpret
what that Word might mean to folks by the way I am alive in Sunapee, New
Hampshire. Let me say it again a different way: God needs my help in breathing
life into His Word, in a similar way that Adam received life from Logos. In the
same way that the Spirit came upon Mary. In the same way that Ezekiel commanded
life into bones. He needs me to make
it alive. The resuscitation of the text is dependent on my Spirit-breathed
interpolation to make it
alive--that’s interpolation by the
spirit, an extrapolation by my mind
heart and hands.
I can’t
really believe that as Paul wrote down a letter to some friends, he was mindful
that what he wrote would, thousands of years later, be considered sacred
Scripture, inerrant and God-breathed. It’s only alive because of what he did
with it and what I do with it. I, myself,
am the life-giving air. The text itself has no power. It is the power of God
that renders salvation to the hearer--and where is the power here? In the words
on the page, or in me, busily scribbling away at my life?
I teach an
adult Sunday school class, and just the other week, a retired pastor-student in
the class commented on the cover-peeling, binding-broken, page-worn appearance
of my Bible. If he could look inside, he would have seen pen-littered
comments--statements of epiphanal amazement, acrid skepticism, and sophomoric
complaining. Now, part of the truth is that anything that I have owned more
than ten years bears the scars of rather sloppy care. (My bible has spent the
night out in the rain, for example.) But most of my Bible’s raggedness is that
the book makes the short-list on things that I spend time a lot of time with.
When I hand
out novels for my students to read, all my students know that they are allowed
to write in the books--encouraged to
write in the books as they read: underlined key phrases, exclamations,
complaints--anything that shows they have read, mulled, and internalized. I
want them to feel free to show how words written in the nineteenth century
might have some relevance to their lives here in the twenty-first.
It’s the
same with my Bible. The littered marginal writings are what really draw my
attention as I flip through its pages. The thing that I most appreciate about
my Bible is that it has extra-wide margins which show years of the pulmonary
resuscitation that I have been pumping into what I would call dry, dusty bones
of others’ thoughts and experiences. There’s nothing magic about these words
other than their antiquity, no more than there is anything life-changing about
the nineteenth-century Thanatopsis,
except perhaps the collective remembrances of a whole lot of people who have
read it. I have to bring the pulse to
the letters on the page. The printer’s typeset is dormant and that follows an
infinite regression all the way back to the author’s original stylus; it is my
handwrit that pulses with awakedness.
The former
is static; the latter, dynamic. One is past-perfect; the other, progressive.
It’s a matter of text versus context.
You who bring good news to Zion,
go up on a high mountain.
You who bring good news to Jerusalem,[c]
lift up your voice with a shout,
lift it up, do not be afraid;
say to the towns of Judah,
“Here is your God!”
go up on a high mountain.
You who bring good news to Jerusalem,[c]
lift up your voice with a shout,
lift it up, do not be afraid;
say to the towns of Judah,
“Here is your God!”
There is a
permanence, a Godheadedness, about scripture that is only brought to life with
my life-giving breath--with my
life-giving breath. It’s a marriage of His permanence with my evanescence (and
in a way that I haven’t fully pondered, this mystical union enacts my own
eternalness). There have to be both, lest
an ephemeral vapor escapes one hand, or a stony deadweight crushes the other.
Does this
mean that the harsh, cautionary letter that my seminary-ensconsed friend, Tony,
will write in response to this essay, or the introspective meandering response
that I will receive from my brother, Scott, are holy texts? Absolutely--and
they are both perform their eternal work in the manner that they shape me. Both
writings will be alive with the God-breath of the Spirit, but only because
Scott and Tony have breathed them by their lives.
I have been
prompted to speak the very Logos spoken in the beginning--or more correctly speaking now in the beginning, lasting
far beyond my own view of death, my own Thanatopsis,
resonate with the Voice of Kairos who has shown me how to talk and write, but more
importantly, how to live these words--even these
words, now--if someone today, tomorrow, or years hence, will pick them up
and consider them, live them, and bring them back to life.
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